Guardian reporting:
What happens when you click on a weblink? Here's one answer: a
request goes from your computer to a server identified by the URL of the
desired link. The server then locates the webpage in its files and
sends it back to your browser, which then displays it on your screen.
Simple.
Well, the process was indeed like that once – a very long
time ago. In the beginning, webpages were simple pages of text marked up
with some tags that would enable a browser to display them correctly.
But that meant that the browser, not the designer, controlled how a page
would look to the user, and there's nothing that infuriates designers
more than having someone (or something) determine the appearance of
their work. So they embarked on a long, vigorous and ultimately
successful campaign to exert the same kind of detailed control over the
appearance of webpages as they did on their print counterparts – right
down to the last pixel.
This had several consequences. Webpages
began to look more attractive and, in some cases, became more
user-friendly. They had pictures, video components, animations and
colourful type in attractive fonts, and were easier on the eye than the
staid, unimaginative pages of the early web. They began to resemble, in
fact, pages in print magazines. And in order to make this possible,
webpages ceased to be static text-objects fetched from a file store;
instead, the server assembled each page on the fly, collecting its
various graphic and other components from their various locations, and
dispatching the whole caboodle in a stream to your browser, which then
assembled them for your delectation.
All of which was nice and
dandy. But there was a downside: webpages began to put on weight. Over
the last decade, the size of web pages (measured in kilobytes) has more than septupled. From 2003 to 2011, the average web page grew from 93.7kB to over 679kB.
You
can see this for yourself by switching on the "view status" bar in your
browser; this will tell you how many discrete items go into making up a
page. I've just looked at a few representative samples. The BBC News
front page had 115 items; the online version of the Daily Mail
had a whopping 344 and ITV.com had 116. Direct.gov had 71 while YouTube
and Wikipedia, in contrast, came in much slimmer at 26 and 15
respectively.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/feb/19/john-naughton-webpage-obesity
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